One of the uncomfortable elements of a more digitized, interconnected world is that outside parties can access your devices remotely. This is even true for those with smart thermostats, with perks like convenient HVAC adjustment over Wi-Fi and, in some cases, a lower energy bill, which can come with an unusual reality. There are now multiple proposals coming forward, on top of existing agreements between individuals and utility companies, that could grant utility companies remote access to residents’ smart thermostats. Of course, these agreements don’t come out of nowhere, and so far they’re not mandatory.

The idea behind giving utility companies access to thermostats stems from efforts to reduce strain on power grids across the United States. Remote access allows companies to strategically tweak usage at specific points during the day and night, and when grid strain approaches critical levels. In Arizona, three different utilities have pushed for such agreements, seeking to avoid grid overload and blackouts during extreme heat events. Meanwhile, Ohio is pushing to formally authorize these voluntary demand response programs via House Bill 427. These are just two of many state-specific energy-conserving initiatives in play at this point.

Suffice it to say, any law or agreement pertaining to the transfer of thermostat use to utility companies has sparked controversy. There are benefits to the concept, but not everyone is sold on it.

Giving a company access to a key part of a home or business is an unsettling proposition at face value, but it does seem to have major benefits. As noted, remote thermostat access is used to prevent power grid crashes during periods of high demand. The Washington Post reported that in September 2023 — one of the hottest summers ever recorded — utilities in Texas made minor adjustments to customers’ air-conditioning systems, saving enough energy to prevent blackouts across the state. Meanwhile, one of the volunteer homeowners, Ada Garcia, hardly noticed the remote adjustments as they happened.

On top of the benefits in terms of maintaining grid usability, there’s the matter of compensation for those who opt in. Garcia told The Washington Post that she receives a discount on her monthly utility bill for handing over thermostat access. Arizona resident Irina Levin told NPR that signing up for her energy conservation program through the Salt River Project utility provided her a $50 up-front bonus, along with an additional $25 for every year she’s enrolled. The aforementioned proposed Ohio bill includes a similar compensation carve-out for participants and explicitly allows overrides of utility adjustments, as desired.

For those who decide to sign up for these thermostat programs, there are apparent benefits. Still, many don’t like the hypotheticals they feel the idea presents.

While many have already worked with utility companies to grant occasional access to their thermostats, many aren’t so keen on the idea. The main concern is that this is an example of corporate overreach and that companies shouldn’t be allowed to change how individual homes set their temperatures. Could this lead to higher billing? Or even dangerous in-home temperatures during winter and summer? Some online have even voiced their extreme dislike of these deals, desiring ways to hack into their smart thermostat to prevent any unwanted entity from making remote changes.

That’s to say that there are loads of discussions and debates about these programs floating around online. As mentioned several times, though, there’s no national or state-specific requirement demanding all homeowners and renters opt in. It’s entirely voluntary, and many online have reiterated to those concerned that it requires explicit customer enrollment to take part. Not to mention, customer overrides are the standard at this juncture. There hasn’t been a push for mandatory remote thermostat access yet, and while that’s not to say utility companies don’t want it, it’s not the present reality.

The smart thermostat is becoming an increasingly common sight in modern homes, with numerous brands to choose from. While partnering with a utility company and voluntarily relinquishing some control could be a source of anxiety, the benefits to your local power grid and energy bill shouldn’t be overlooked.